Understanding fatigue in arthritis
Fatigue is a feeling of both physical and mental tiredness, often described as exhaustion or a complete lack of energy. It is normal to experience tiredness from time to time, such as at the end of a busy day, after physical activity, or at times of increased stress or tension. For most people, energy is restored after a night of restful sleep. However, unlike ordinary fatigue, for some people living with arthritis, the sensation of tiredness can be overwhelming.
What causes fatigue in arthritis?
A number of factors, in isolation or combination, may contribute to a person’s overall level of fatigue:
• The inflammatory process of some forms of arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis
• Dealing with pain, which is a common symptom of arthritis
• Lack of sleep, which can be exacerbated by pain
• Emotional feelings and reactions such as stress, anxiety, depression and frustration, which can also affect sleep quality
• A poor diet, lacking in nutritional value, can affect energy levels throughout the day
• Iron deficiency anaemia, which may accompany chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
• Muscle weakness or tension, which results in more effort and energy being required to perform usual daily activities
• Poor posture, which makes movements less efficient
• Physical inactivity or sedentary lifestyle, which can lead to reduced muscle strength, flexibility and endurance
• Side effects of some medications
Managing fatigue
There are many strategies to help minimise the effects of fatigue:
• Talk to your doctor about your fatigue and ask if any of the medications you are taking may be contributing.
• Stay as active as you can and participate in regular exercise to increase your strength and stamina.
• Eat a well balanced diet and avoid skipping meals. Healthy food is the fuel for your body that provides you with energy.
• Drink plenty of water. A dehydrated body functions less efficiently.
• Learn ways to manage pain.
• Develop good sleep patterns.
• Plan and organise your activities around times when you have more energy, reserving time and energy for the activities you enjoy most.
• Prioritise your day focusing on the most physically or mentally demanding tasks when you are feeling your best.
• Balance activity with rest, scheduling short breaks throughout the day.
• Find new ways to conserve energy and simplify everyday tasks.
• Try stress reduction and relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, listening to music, or reading a good book while sipping a cup of herbal tea.
• Educate your family and friends about how fatigue affects you and don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it.
References
1. Saving energy [factsheet]. Sydney: Arthritis Australia, reviewed 2011.
2. Fatigue and rheumatoid arthritis fact sheet. Sydney: Arthritis NSW, 2011. Contact our information service on 1800 011 041 for a copy.
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